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Anti-Corruption Portal
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Comparison of countries
Panama
Malawi
Indices
Overall Score:
33 out of 100
Rank:
114 out of 180
Overall Score:
5,39 out of 10
Rank:
18 out of 141
Overall Score:
0,52 out of 1
Rank:
72 out of 142
Overall Score:
93 out of 150
Rank:
56 out of 140
Overall Score:
34 out of 100
Rank:
107 out of 180
Overall Score:
6 out of 100
Overall Score:
0,52 out of 1
Rank:
70 out of 142
Overall Score:
104 out of 150
Rank:
35 out of 140
Overall Score:
3,97 out of 10
Rank:
103 out of 119
International Cooperation
UN
OAS
UN
AU
Panama
  • The UN Convention against Corruption was ratified in 2005.
  • The review under the second cycle of the Implementation Review Mechanism is completed. The executive summary is available here.
  • The Inter-American Convention against Corruption was ratified in 1998.
  • The Agreement for the Establishment of the International Anti-Corruption Academy as an International Organization was ratified in 2012.
Malawi
  • The UN Convention against Corruption was ratified in 2007.
  • The review under the second cycle of the Implementation Review Mechanism is completed. The country report is available here.
  • The Agreement for the Establishment of the International Anti-Corruption Academy as an International Organization was ratified in 2014.
  • The AU Convention on Preventing and Combating Corruption was ratified in 2007.
Main Legislation
Panama

1. Criminal Code: Articles 254, 345-354, 364, 365
(Código Penal: Artículos 254, 345-354, 364, 365), (Spanish);

2. Law on the Careers of Civil Servants
(Por la cual se establece y regula la Carrera Administrativa), (Spanish);

3. Law on the Implementation of Article 299 of the Constitution and the Fight against Corruption in Public Authorities
(Que Reglamenta el Artículo 299 de la Constitución Política y Dicta otras Disposiciones contra la Corrupción Administrativa), (Spanish);

4. Law on Regulating Situations of Conflict of Interest in the Public Service
(Que Regula Situaciones de Conflicto de Intereses en la Función Pública), (Spanish);

5. Presidential Decree on a Unified Form for Declaration of Interests and Other Provisions
(Que adopta el Formulario Único de Declaración Jurada de intereses particulares y dicta otras disposiciones), (Spanish);

6. Uniform Code of Ethics for Public Officials
(Código Uniforme De Ética De Los Servidores Públicos), (Spanish);

7. Guidelines on Asset Declarations for Civil Servants
(Guía Básica sobre Declaración Jurada de Estado Patrimonial de Funcionarios Públicos), (Spanish).

Malawi
  1. Penal Code: Articles 30, 90-93, 395-399, (English);
  2. Corrupt Practices Act, (English);
  3. Public Officers (Declaration of Assets, Liabilities and Business Interests) Act (unofficial source), (English);
  4. Public Service Code of Ethics and Conduct , (English).
Anti-Corruption Bodies
Panama

1. Public Prosecutor's Office of Panama
(Ministerio Público de Panamá), (Spanish);

2. National Authority for Transparency and Access to Information
(Autoridad Nacional de Transparencia y Acceso a la Información), (Spanish).

Malawi
  1. Anti-Corruption Bureau, (English);
  2. Office of the Director of Public Officers’ Declarations, (English);
  3. Financial Crimes Division of the High Court, (English).
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