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Anti-Corruption Portal
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Comparison of countries
Panama
Montenegro
Indices
TI Corruption Perceptions Index 2024
Overall Score:
33 out of 100
Rank:
114 out of 180
Capacity to Combat Corruption Index 2023
Overall Score:
5,39 out of 10
Financial Secrecy Index 2022
Rank:
18 out of 141
The Rule of Law Index 2024
Overall Score:
0,52 out of 1
Rank:
72 out of 142
Global Right to Information Rating
Overall Score:
93 out of 150
Rank:
56 out of 140
TI Corruption Perceptions Index 2024
Overall Score:
46 out of 100
Rank:
65 out of 180
Financial Secrecy Index 2022
Rank:
119 out of 141
Open Budget 2023
Overall Score:
48 out of 100
The Rule of Law Index 2024
Overall Score:
0,57 out of 1
Rank:
56 out of 142
Global Right to Information Rating
Overall Score:
89 out of 150
Rank:
61 out of 140
International Cooperation
UN
OAS
UN
GRECO
Panama
The United Nations (UN)
  • The UN Convention against Corruption was ratified in 2005.
  • The review under the second cycle of the Implementation Review Mechanism is completed. The executive summary is available here.
Organization of American States (OAS)
  • The Inter-American Convention against Corruption was ratified in 1998.
International Anti-Corruption Academy (IACA)
  • The Agreement for the Establishment of the International Anti-Corruption Academy as an International Organization was ratified in 2012.
Montenegro
The United Nations (UN)
  • The UN Convention against Corruption was ratified in 2006.
  • The review under the second cycle of the Implementation Review Mechanism is completed. The executive summary is available here.
Group of States against Corruption (GRECO)
  • GRECO’s member since 2006.
  • The Council of Europe’s Criminal Law Convention on Corruption was ratified in 2006.
  • The Council of Europe’s Civil Law Convention on Corruption was ratified in 2008.
  • The fifth evaluation round is completed. The evaluation report is available here.
International Anti-Corruption Academy (IACA)
  • The Agreement for the Establishment of the International Anti-Corruption Academy as an International Organization was ratified in 2013.
Main Legislation
Panama

1. Criminal Code: Articles 254, 345-354, 364, 365
(Código Penal: Artículos 254, 345-354, 364, 365), (Spanish);

2. Law on the Careers of Civil Servants
(Por la cual se establece y regula la Carrera Administrativa), (Spanish);

3. Law on the Implementation of Article 299 of the Constitution and the Fight against Corruption in Public Authorities
(Que Reglamenta el Artículo 299 de la Constitución Política y Dicta otras Disposiciones contra la Corrupción Administrativa), (Spanish);

4. Law on Regulating Situations of Conflict of Interest in the Public Service
(Que Regula Situaciones de Conflicto de Intereses en la Función Pública), (Spanish);

5. Presidential Decree on a Unified Form for Declaration of Interests and Other Provisions
(Que adopta el Formulario Único de Declaración Jurada de intereses particulares y dicta otras disposiciones), (Spanish);

6. Uniform Code of Ethics for Public Officials
(Código Uniforme De Ética De Los Servidores Públicos), (Spanish);

7. Guidelines on Asset Declarations for Civil Servants
(Guía Básica sobre Declaración Jurada de Estado Patrimonial de Funcionarios Públicos), (Spanish).

Montenegro
  1. Criminal code: Articles 276-276b, 416, 421a-424 
    (Krivicni zakonik: Članci 276-276b, 416, 421a-424), (Montenegrin);
  2. Law on the Liability of Legal Persons for Criminal Offenses
    (Zakon o odgovornosti pravnih lica za krivična djela), (Montenegrin);
  3. Law on Prevention of Corruption
    (Zakon o sprječavanju korupcije), (Montenegrin);
  4. Law on Civil Servants and Employees: Articles 6, 8, 14, 74-80, 94-96
    (Zakon o državnim službenicima i namještenicima: Članci 6, 8, 14, 74-80, 94-96), (Montenegrin);
  5. Code of Ethics of Civil Servants and State Employees
    (Etički kodeks državnih službenika i namještenika), (Montenegrin).
Anti-Corruption Bodies
Panama

1. Public Prosecutor's Office of Panama
(Ministerio Público de Panamá), (Spanish);

2. National Authority for Transparency and Access to Information
(Autoridad Nacional de Transparencia y Acceso a la Información), (Spanish).

Montenegro
  1. Agency for Prevention of Corruption 
    (Agencija za sprječavanje korupcije), (Montenegrin/English);
  2. State Prosecutor's Office
    (Državno tužilaštvo), (Montenegrin/English);
  3. Special Section of the Supreme Court of Podgorica
    (Specijalno odjeljenje Višeg suda u Podgorici), (Montenegrin/English).
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